The ethics and governance challenges posed by artificial intelligence grow more significant with each passing day, as the technologies and applications develop faster than attempts by researchers, citizens, and regulators to understand and shape them. Which values and belief systems should AI reflect, and who should decide? How can the benefits and burdens of AI be fairly shared? Which developments and uses should societies encourage or refuse? What are the responsibilities of organizations that develop, operate, or govern AI, and how can they uphold these responsibilities effectively?